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Biology · Question 411
Who first described the small cytoplasmic particles later called ribosomes using electron microscopy?
George Palade
Robert Hooke
Gregor Mendel
Louis Pasteur
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Correct answer: A
George Palade
George Emil Palade described the particles now called ribosomes in the 1950s.
Biology · Question 412
A complete simple virus particle contains genetic material enclosed by a protein:
Cell wall
Capsid
Plasma membrane in every virus
Nucleus
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Correct answer: B
Capsid
A viral genome is enclosed in a protein coat called a capsid; some viruses also possess an envelope.
Biology · Question 413
Glyoxysomes in germinating oil-rich seeds help convert fatty acids into:
Succinate for carbohydrate production
DNA nucleotides
Lactic acid only
Chlorophyll
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Correct answer: A
Succinate for carbohydrate production
The glyoxylate cycle in glyoxysomes converts acetyl-CoA from fats into succinate, supporting sugar synthesis.
Biology · Question 414
Which combination is normally present inside mitochondria?
DNA and ribosomes
A cell wall and chlorophyll
Centrioles and lysosomes
Peptidoglycan and pili
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Correct answer: A
DNA and ribosomes
Mitochondria contain their own DNA and mitochondrial ribosomes.
Biology · Question 415
The bony flap covering the gills of most bony fish is the:
Operculum
Carapace
Mantle
Cloaca
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Correct answer: A
Operculum
The operculum protects the gills and helps move water across them.
Biology · Question 416
The scientific study of insects is called:
Mycology
Entomology
Ornithology
Ichthyology
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Correct answer: B
Entomology
Entomology is the branch of zoology concerned with insects.
Biology · Question 417
Euglena is conventionally placed in which kingdom in the five-kingdom system?
Fungi
Protista
Animalia
Monera
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Correct answer: B
Protista
Euglena is a unicellular eukaryote traditionally classified in Protista.
Biology · Question 418
The main chromosome of Escherichia coli is ordinarily:
One circular DNA molecule
Two linear RNA molecules
Eight linear chromosomes
Absent from the cell
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Correct answer: A
One circular DNA molecule
E. coli normally carries its essential genes on one circular double-stranded DNA chromosome.
Biology · Question 419
Growing plants without soil in a nutrient solution is called:
Hydroponics
Grafting
Layering
Vernalisation
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Correct answer: A
Hydroponics
Hydroponics supplies roots with water, minerals, and oxygen without soil.
Biology · Question 420
In a eukaryotic cell, messenger RNA is transcribed primarily in the:
Nucleus
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Cell wall
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Correct answer: A
Nucleus
Nuclear DNA is transcribed into precursor mRNA, which is processed before export to the cytoplasm.