Biology · Question 41
Which waste gas moves from blood into the lungs for exhalation?
- Helium
- Carbon dioxide
- Nitrogen
- Hydrogen
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Correct answer: B
Carbon dioxide
The lungs remove carbon dioxide from blood during gas exchange.
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Biology · Question 42
What is the anatomical name for the windpipe?
- Ureter
- Esophagus
- Aorta
- Trachea
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Correct answer: D
Trachea
The trachea is the windpipe, part of the respiratory airway.
Biology · Question 43
Which organ coordinates breathing rate in response to the body’s gas-exchange needs?
- Gallbladder
- Urinary bladder
- Spleen
- Brain
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Correct answer: D
Brain
The brain adjusts breathing to help meet oxygen and carbon-dioxide regulation needs.
Biology · Question 44
Which listed structure is a muscle involved in breathing?
- Trachea
- Diaphragm
- Esophagus
- Pulmonary vein
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Correct answer: B
Diaphragm
The diaphragm works with chest-wall muscles to support breathing.
Biology · Question 45
What is the functional filtering unit of a kidney?
- Nephron
- Villus
- Neuron
- Alveolus
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Correct answer: A
Nephron
A nephron contains the filtering and tubular structures of the kidney.
Biology · Question 46
Which nephron structure is a cluster of capillaries that filters blood?
- Bladder
- Renal pelvis
- Ureter
- Glomerulus
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Correct answer: D
Glomerulus
Glomerular capillaries filter fluid and small substances from blood.
Biology · Question 47
Which tube carries urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder?
- Bile duct
- Urethra
- Ureter
- Renal artery
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Correct answer: C
Ureter
Each ureter transports urine from one kidney to the bladder.
Biology · Question 48
Which organ temporarily stores urine before urination?
- Pancreas
- Kidney cortex
- Urinary bladder
- Liver
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Correct answer: C
Urinary bladder
The urinary bladder stores urine arriving through the ureters.
Biology · Question 49
Which vessel carries blood into a kidney?
- Urethra
- Ureter
- Renal vein
- Renal artery
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Correct answer: D
Renal artery
Blood enters through the renal artery and leaves through the renal vein.
Biology · Question 50
Returning useful substances from kidney filtrate to the blood is called what?
- Reabsorption
- Exhalation
- Ingestion
- Defecation
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Correct answer: A
Reabsorption
Renal tubules return needed water and solutes to the blood by reabsorption.